All of the languages function in the same way, they just have different syntax (which is why they are called languages... like you say hi in english and hola in spanish, they are both greetings just said in different ways).
And if you were serious about this stuff i would suggest classes, in my high school there is a specific Computer Science course for grade 11 and then grade 12 gets into more advanced stuff.
The main stream programming languages are C++ and VB, they are both equally good and bad, its up to the individual to decide which to use because they are equally popular. As for web authoring languages, it seems that people are looking more towards the .net (which is what asp became) and ajax/java and it seems like its a good idea to know how to incorporate flash media into your webpages. Also CSS is a must for your layouts and visual appearnce as i said before.
Just a little tidbit of info, its very easy to hack into php code, its called sql injection. .net is what this site is based on and the only reason people stay away from this and use php is because php is open source and .net is microsoft based... The difference between php and asp/.net is that php loads your code before the page loads and the latter loads the code as requests are made (thus we can have "who is online" feature at the bottom or a "You have a new PM" message at the top without refreshing the page)